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Writer Dr. Saima Shaikh" Mr. Ahmed Ali Brohi"
The problem of delinquent personality is an outcome of un-healthy environment. The focus will be not only on the crime but also on the causes and the reformatory component is very much operative as Sociologist could be this research paper will be very useful for reformation and rehabilitation of the child delinquents. For the betterment of society, we required giving greater attention to those children who are sufferer of social maladjustment, delinquencies, this we can do by much care, protection morally ethically educate and development of such juveniles could be a task.
Keywords: Juvenile Delinquency, Pakistan, Schools, Colleges.
Definitions of Juvenile Delinquency:
"Juvenile delinquency refers to the anti-social acts of children and of young people” As regards the age limits, the differences exist between the limits recognized by one state and another, corresponding to the definition given to juvenile according to one concept and another (Manzoor-1976)
Juvenile means Boy & Girl who has not attained the age of sixteen years.
"Delinquent Juvenile” Means a Juvenile who has been found to have committed an offence.
Probation officer means an officer appointed to be a probation officer or recognized as such under section 13.
"Special home” means an institution established or certified by the state under section 10.
Introduction
Juvenile delinquency is international problems we cannot say that it is a problem of Pakistani culture or eastern society, but the causes behind or circumstances are different from society to society or class to class. Whenever any child indulge himself/herself in some type of criminal activates, we call him/her as juvenile delinquent because of their young age to protect these Juvenile is from becoming habitual criminals. This paper tries to give some of the preventive measures in the shape of recommendations. But first we also focus on causes behind this problem. This research paper consists of the conceptional /theoretical work; secondary material has been applied to shape up the ideas which are from my deep down heart.
Major objectives of this paper are the rehabilitation of the offender, protection and built up the personality by moral, mental vocational training. Orders that may be passed regarding Juvenile delinquents.
This including certain positive values in the Juvenile, the probation or parole agent has to provide help counsel and guidance, such guideline, will solved serious personality problems.
People who violate the law but are not legally adults may be found delinquent by Judges in Juvenile court. Rather than being convicted of a crime, Juveniles are adjudged delinquent. These delinquents may have committed an act that would be a crime if committed by an adult. The designation Juvenile delinquent is also applied to those who commit status offenses, acts such as underage drinking, running away from home, or truancy, which are violations only because those who engage in them are below the age of majority. (Conklin, 1992).
The Juvenile Justice System was developed in the United States late in the nineteenth century, with the First Juvenile court established in Illinois in 1899.
The study of the delinquents has been mainly an individual study; every individual is unique so far as his personality makeup and his dispositions are concerned whenever we want to investigate into the determining forces of the particular type of behaviours, we have to study the whole personality as to how his personality come to be as it is at the present moment. So every act of an individual has a Para-Phernalia of his experiences behind it (Conklin, 1992).
Causes behind child's deviant behavior child delinquency is starts from their basic homes and you will be surprise to find my research cause that mother‗s and sisters are first in this delinquency, now question comes in your minds how come, the answer is whenever son/brother doing something wrong mother/sister‗s protect and defensive even for the fighting or as late comers at the end children no longer obey their parents and become habitual criminals. Practically if explained that if we could place our children in schools/colleges or at homes where social contracts would be constantly under our observation, where meeting friends under sympathy, good will, good, cheer and cooperation would be positive, dynamic and never wavering and then they would go far by themselves in adopting these as their own rule of life.
Nature of Child Delinquency in Schools Colleges: When the child came in school or colleges level their mental level and approaches are quite mingle with life fraternities and most of the times they seams over sensitive because of immaturity of mentally & physically aging that‗s why criminals capture them easily and they become juvenile delinquents. Now question also come in a mind what type of crime do we find regularly in schools and colleges, we frequently found drug abusers, snatchers.
Class and Juvenile Delinquency: One review of studies that have examined the link between class and Juvenile delinquency found that in Forty Four of Fifty Three Studies that used official statistics, lower-class juveniles had higher rates of delinquency than middle class juveniles (Conklin, 1992). Rates of Crime vary from one country to another; by region within a country; by size of a community; from one time to another; and by sex, age, race and class. Theories of crime causation should help us make sense of those variations.
The boys and girls still in the preliminary stages of physical and intellectual development than they refuse to co-operate with teachers in their efforts to keep school life simple and studious. Parents are their worst enemies when they encourage them in adopting adult practices and think maturely, be positive and concentrate on your career built up, when these children came in their certain age which is between childhood and adults they are very curious about sex and then most of the times willingly or unwillingly they have been exploited by others; second problem in this age drug abuse is also becomes common now-a days. When they become addicted they start the feting and then street crimes also grow.
Institutional Treatment of Juveniles:
The Juvenile courts have themselves realized that they were not reaching all the children who may need protective guidance, Jails as places for the treatment of Juvenile offenders and adults have been subjected to considerable condemnation. Much of this has been selfdirected by the people who run these institutions. (Sharma, 1998)
the real work is here of teachers, they may give such lectures and advices which help them through psychological method to encouraged to be self-reliant and recognition to any good factors in their personality and then they can easily protect themselves from any of the social enemy.
Impact of Sociology: Biological explanations of crime fell out of favour in early twentieth century. During this period, criminologists become concerned about the Sociological influences on crime, such as the neighborhood, pees group, Family life and Social status Socio-biologists view the gene as the ultimate unit of life that controls all human destiny. Although they believe environment and experience also have an impact on behaviour, their main premise is that most actions are controlled by a person's biological Machine (Larry, 2004).
Conclusion
Taking a position contrary criminologist or sociologist must not be pessimistic view regarding these Juvenile Delinquents of the society, always treat them which optimistic approaches; formal and Informal education gives a sense of achievement to the prisoner which goes a long way in exercising corrective influences. Prison education must have these components like to teach them. Religiously, morally, culturally, indicate them about their, health social activities and above all vocational training's with proper wage payments latter they can utilize it. Treatment of juvenile‗s can be achieved in a number of ways and contexts. Prevention is an advance action in terms of individual and environmental adjustments, it includes the efforts to improve family relationship promote better adjustments in schools and provide proper recreation on treatment basis, later automatically speech and expression will come in valuable style. It is essential not only for proper functioning of society but also for the development and protection of the creative faculties of normal human beings.
Recommendations
1. Any of the child who commit a crime, we better try to give the moral teachings and stopped him/her not to do that again ever in life.
2. Education plays a very important role in the development of personality so try to improve their formal & informal education in schools, colleges & in universities.
3. Prevention by crime will also become easier if we provide a healthy environment.
4. Stopped doing discrimination in the homes between daughter & son child.
5. Parents in upper class try to say No” on any unhealthy need or wish of the child, same v/s in poor family, it is the responsibility of parents to provide & fulfill the genuine needs of the child.
6. If incidentally any of the children becomes Juvenile treatment becomes easier by families if they schedule recreational programmes on weekly basis like outing, gaming, hoteling etc.
7. Keep eye on a child by communities and groups could be effective in developments of personality
8. Prepare themselves to earn for living from very young age because it gave them maturity independency, confidence as well as it is also beneficial for family and you will be out from extra thoughts.
9. Use your leisure time beneficially and constructively on future based.
10. Equip your personality with philosophy of life on spiritual values.
11. Don‗t be hesitant to go to clinic and took counseling if you become juvenile.
12 Handling with sophistication to Juveniles will be rapidly effective.
13. Appoint high standard teachers/counselors in Juvenile jails for rehabilitation.
14. Release offensives more on probation instead of sending/capturing in jails.
Reference:
Abstract
The problem of delinquent personality is an outcome of un-healthy environment. The focus will be not only on the crime but also on the causes and the reformatory component is very much operative as Sociologist could be this research paper will be very useful for reformation and rehabilitation of the child delinquents. For the betterment of society, we required giving greater attention to those children who are sufferer of social maladjustment, delinquencies, this we can do by much care, protection morally ethically educate and development of such juveniles could be a task.
Keywords: Juvenile Delinquency, Pakistan, Schools, Colleges.
Definitions of Juvenile Delinquency:
"Juvenile delinquency refers to the anti-social acts of children and of young people” As regards the age limits, the differences exist between the limits recognized by one state and another, corresponding to the definition given to juvenile according to one concept and another (Manzoor-1976)
Juvenile means Boy & Girl who has not attained the age of sixteen years.
"Delinquent Juvenile” Means a Juvenile who has been found to have committed an offence.
Probation officer means an officer appointed to be a probation officer or recognized as such under section 13.
"Special home” means an institution established or certified by the state under section 10.
Introduction
Juvenile delinquency is international problems we cannot say that it is a problem of Pakistani culture or eastern society, but the causes behind or circumstances are different from society to society or class to class. Whenever any child indulge himself/herself in some type of criminal activates, we call him/her as juvenile delinquent because of their young age to protect these Juvenile is from becoming habitual criminals. This paper tries to give some of the preventive measures in the shape of recommendations. But first we also focus on causes behind this problem. This research paper consists of the conceptional /theoretical work; secondary material has been applied to shape up the ideas which are from my deep down heart.
Major objectives of this paper are the rehabilitation of the offender, protection and built up the personality by moral, mental vocational training. Orders that may be passed regarding Juvenile delinquents.
- a) Allow the Juvenile to go home after advice
- b) Direct the Juvenile to be released on probation of good conduct.
- c) Make an order directing the Juvenile to be sent to a special home.
This including certain positive values in the Juvenile, the probation or parole agent has to provide help counsel and guidance, such guideline, will solved serious personality problems.
People who violate the law but are not legally adults may be found delinquent by Judges in Juvenile court. Rather than being convicted of a crime, Juveniles are adjudged delinquent. These delinquents may have committed an act that would be a crime if committed by an adult. The designation Juvenile delinquent is also applied to those who commit status offenses, acts such as underage drinking, running away from home, or truancy, which are violations only because those who engage in them are below the age of majority. (Conklin, 1992).
The Juvenile Justice System was developed in the United States late in the nineteenth century, with the First Juvenile court established in Illinois in 1899.
The study of the delinquents has been mainly an individual study; every individual is unique so far as his personality makeup and his dispositions are concerned whenever we want to investigate into the determining forces of the particular type of behaviours, we have to study the whole personality as to how his personality come to be as it is at the present moment. So every act of an individual has a Para-Phernalia of his experiences behind it (Conklin, 1992).
Causes behind child's deviant behavior child delinquency is starts from their basic homes and you will be surprise to find my research cause that mother‗s and sisters are first in this delinquency, now question comes in your minds how come, the answer is whenever son/brother doing something wrong mother/sister‗s protect and defensive even for the fighting or as late comers at the end children no longer obey their parents and become habitual criminals. Practically if explained that if we could place our children in schools/colleges or at homes where social contracts would be constantly under our observation, where meeting friends under sympathy, good will, good, cheer and cooperation would be positive, dynamic and never wavering and then they would go far by themselves in adopting these as their own rule of life.
Nature of Child Delinquency in Schools Colleges: When the child came in school or colleges level their mental level and approaches are quite mingle with life fraternities and most of the times they seams over sensitive because of immaturity of mentally & physically aging that‗s why criminals capture them easily and they become juvenile delinquents. Now question also come in a mind what type of crime do we find regularly in schools and colleges, we frequently found drug abusers, snatchers.
Class and Juvenile Delinquency: One review of studies that have examined the link between class and Juvenile delinquency found that in Forty Four of Fifty Three Studies that used official statistics, lower-class juveniles had higher rates of delinquency than middle class juveniles (Conklin, 1992). Rates of Crime vary from one country to another; by region within a country; by size of a community; from one time to another; and by sex, age, race and class. Theories of crime causation should help us make sense of those variations.
The boys and girls still in the preliminary stages of physical and intellectual development than they refuse to co-operate with teachers in their efforts to keep school life simple and studious. Parents are their worst enemies when they encourage them in adopting adult practices and think maturely, be positive and concentrate on your career built up, when these children came in their certain age which is between childhood and adults they are very curious about sex and then most of the times willingly or unwillingly they have been exploited by others; second problem in this age drug abuse is also becomes common now-a days. When they become addicted they start the feting and then street crimes also grow.
Institutional Treatment of Juveniles:
The Juvenile courts have themselves realized that they were not reaching all the children who may need protective guidance, Jails as places for the treatment of Juvenile offenders and adults have been subjected to considerable condemnation. Much of this has been selfdirected by the people who run these institutions. (Sharma, 1998)
the real work is here of teachers, they may give such lectures and advices which help them through psychological method to encouraged to be self-reliant and recognition to any good factors in their personality and then they can easily protect themselves from any of the social enemy.
Impact of Sociology: Biological explanations of crime fell out of favour in early twentieth century. During this period, criminologists become concerned about the Sociological influences on crime, such as the neighborhood, pees group, Family life and Social status Socio-biologists view the gene as the ultimate unit of life that controls all human destiny. Although they believe environment and experience also have an impact on behaviour, their main premise is that most actions are controlled by a person's biological Machine (Larry, 2004).
Conclusion
Taking a position contrary criminologist or sociologist must not be pessimistic view regarding these Juvenile Delinquents of the society, always treat them which optimistic approaches; formal and Informal education gives a sense of achievement to the prisoner which goes a long way in exercising corrective influences. Prison education must have these components like to teach them. Religiously, morally, culturally, indicate them about their, health social activities and above all vocational training's with proper wage payments latter they can utilize it. Treatment of juvenile‗s can be achieved in a number of ways and contexts. Prevention is an advance action in terms of individual and environmental adjustments, it includes the efforts to improve family relationship promote better adjustments in schools and provide proper recreation on treatment basis, later automatically speech and expression will come in valuable style. It is essential not only for proper functioning of society but also for the development and protection of the creative faculties of normal human beings.
Recommendations
1. Any of the child who commit a crime, we better try to give the moral teachings and stopped him/her not to do that again ever in life.
2. Education plays a very important role in the development of personality so try to improve their formal & informal education in schools, colleges & in universities.
3. Prevention by crime will also become easier if we provide a healthy environment.
4. Stopped doing discrimination in the homes between daughter & son child.
5. Parents in upper class try to say No” on any unhealthy need or wish of the child, same v/s in poor family, it is the responsibility of parents to provide & fulfill the genuine needs of the child.
6. If incidentally any of the children becomes Juvenile treatment becomes easier by families if they schedule recreational programmes on weekly basis like outing, gaming, hoteling etc.
7. Keep eye on a child by communities and groups could be effective in developments of personality
8. Prepare themselves to earn for living from very young age because it gave them maturity independency, confidence as well as it is also beneficial for family and you will be out from extra thoughts.
9. Use your leisure time beneficially and constructively on future based.
10. Equip your personality with philosophy of life on spiritual values.
11. Don‗t be hesitant to go to clinic and took counseling if you become juvenile.
12 Handling with sophistication to Juveniles will be rapidly effective.
13. Appoint high standard teachers/counselors in Juvenile jails for rehabilitation.
14. Release offensives more on probation instead of sending/capturing in jails.
Reference:
- Bhatti, Manzoor Hussain. (1976) "Crime Punishment Prison and Jurenile Delinquency”, Sirat-ud-din & Sons, Lahore, Pakistan: P.81
- Conklin, E. John (1992) "Criminology” 4 th Edition, Macmillan Publishing, New York: P.143 & 145.
- Conklin: Op.Cit
- Conklin: Op.Cit P. 7 & 8
- Sharma. S. R (1998) "Treatment of Juvenile Delinquency in Schools”, Omsons Publications, New Delhi: P. 138
- Siegel J. Larry. (2004) "Criminology” 8 th edition, Thomson Learning. Inc, Canada: P. 139 & 140.
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